City of Rome by Romulus, according to legend, Ascanio, son of the Trojan hero Aeneas (son of Venus and Anchises), established the city of Alba Longa on the Tiber’s right bank. Many of Aeneas’ descendants ruled happily in this colony. When Nimitor was king, his brother Amulius took power and dethroned him, murdering his male heirs and forcing his daughter, Rhea Silvia, to become a Vestal Virgin in order to prevent her from providing a male heir to the throne.
Despite this, Rhea Silvia had twins, Romulus and Remus, whose father was considered to be Mars, the god of war. Amulius imprisoned the daughter and sentenced the babies to drowning in the Tiber. However, the taskmaster took pity on them and instead placed the twins in a basket and pushed them down the Tiber. They were securely transported to the seven hills area.
The boys were discovered by Lupa, a she-wolf who nursed them in her cave on Palatine Hill until they were discovered by a shepherd and his wife, who reared them as shepherds. Romulus and Remus were natural born leaders as adults, who in a conflict murdered King Amulius and restored Nimitor to the throne of Alba Longa. Romulus ultimately erected a wall around the Palatine Hill, the place he had chosen for the establishment of Rome, in order to create their own colony.
The twins explored the seven hills in search of the ideal spot for their new metropolis (Aventine, Celio, Capitol, Esquiline, Palatine, Quirinal and Viminal). Romulus liked the Palatine Hill, whereas Remus chose the Aventine Hill. To determine which brother was correct, they resolved to consult augury, which involves examining birds to discover what the gods preferred. Remus claimed to have seen six birds, but his brother claimed to have seen twelve. Despite the fact that Romulus had seen more birds, Remus contended that he had seen them first, and hence the city should be erected on Aventine Hill. Meanwhile, Romulus proceeded to construct a wall on his hill, which Remus chose to jump over. Romulus, enraged at his brother’s actions, murdered him. According to mythology, this occurred around 754 BC.
Romulus granted shelter to fugitives and exiles in order to populate his colony. However, Rome needed women, so Romulus summoned the Sabines to a celebration and kidnapped their women. The Sabine women then intervened to prevent the Sabine men from capturing Rome. A peace pact was drafted, and the settlements amalgamated under the combined administration of Romulus and Titus Tatius, the Sabine monarch. Tatius’ premature death, possibly orchestrated by Romulus, restored the Roman as the only ruler. Romulus died under mysterious circumstances after a long and prosperous reign. Many Romans thought he had been transformed into a god and worshiped him as the divinity Quirinus. After Romulus, Rome had six additional monarchs, the last three of whom were thought to be Etruscans. The Roman republic was created in 509 B.C.
The Aeneas legend
A few Greek historians hypothesized in the fifth century B.C. that Aeneas settled at Rome, which was still a minor city-state at the time. Rome started to spread inside the Italian peninsula in the fourth century B.C., and Romans, coming into more contact with the Greeks, accepted the idea that Aeneas played a part in the founding of their great city. The Aeneas myth was elaborated in the first century B.C. by the Roman poet Virgil in his epic poem the Aeneid, which recounted of Aeneas’ trip to Rome. Augustus, the first Roman emperor and Virgil’s successor as Roman ruler, and Julius Caesar, his great-uncle and predecessor as Roman ruler, were both claimed to be descended from Aeneas.
Aeneas was the only important Trojan hero to survive the Greek devastation of Troy in the Iliad, an epic Greek poetry possibly written by Homer in the ninth century B.C. A passage described how he and his successors would rule the Trojans, but because no such dynasty was recorded at Troy, Greek scholars suggested that Aeneas and his supporters relocated.
Another legend has it that Aeneas, the Trojan prince, arrived on the Italian shore and married Lavinia, the daughter of King Latinus, thereby becoming king.
This narrative is not only narrated by Greek historians, but it is also maintained in Italy in comparison to other traditions that attribute Rome’s origins to Arcadian, tied to the myth of Evandro, or Achaean, related to Odysseus or Ulysses. The Aeneas story gives Rome a divine and Greek foundation.
Unfortunately, the mythology of Aeneas cannot be realized because Troy was destroyed in 1200 BC.
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